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42.2 PATH PLANNING
Basic - "While moving the robot arm from point A to B, or along a continuous path, the choices are infinite, with significant differences between methods used."
42.2.1 Slew Motion
The simplest form of motion. As the robot moves from point A to point B, each axis of the manipulator travels as quickly as possible from its initial position to its final position. All axis begin moving at the same time, but each axis ends it motion in a length of time that is proportional to the product of its distance moved and its top speed (allowing for acceleration and deceleration)
Note: slew motion usually results in unnecessary wear on the joints and often leads to unanticipated results in the path taken by the manipulator.
Example - A three axis manipulator with revolute joints starts with joint angles (40, 80, -40)degrees, and must move to (120, 0, 0)degrees. Assume that the joints have maximum absolute accelerations/decelerations of (50, 100, 150) degrees/sec/sec, and the maximum velocities of (20, 40, 50) degrees/sec. Using slew motion, what is the travel time for each joint?
42.2.1.1 - Joint Interpolated Motion
Similar to slew motion, except all joints start, and stop at the same time. In the last example for slew motion, all of the joints would have moved until all stopping simultaneously at 4.4 seconds.
This method only demands needed speeds to accomplish movements in least times
42.2.1.2 - Straight-line motion
In this method the tool of the robot travels in a straight line between the start and stop points. This can be difficult, and lead to rather erratic motions when the boundaries of the workspace are approached.
NOTE: straight-line paths are the only paths that will try to move the tool straight through space, all others will move the tool in a curved path.
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