26.4 GENERALIZED STRESS

---

À  p

We can consider the more general case of the 3D element,

If we assume the element is square, then we can replace the stresses with forces,

Finally, for simplicity, we can look at the element from a single side,

For statics, the sum of the forces and moments must total zero. As a result we would see a shear stress (txy) induce another shear that is perpendicular (tyx).

We also consider the case where we rotate the virtual element,

The value of these relationships show how stress is spread throughout an object, and will become valuable as stress is examined in greater detail.

****** Caucy's theorem