38. MECHANICAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Table 1:
| Material |
Type |
Density |
E |
G |
poisson |
ten - yield stress |
ten - ult. stress |
ten - yield strain |
yield stress - comp. |
ult. stress - comp. |
ult. stress - shear |
thermal expansion |
| |
|
(Mg/m3) |
(GPa) |
(GPa) |
|
(MPa) |
|
(%) |
(MPa) |
|
|
10-6/deg C |
| aluminum |
typical |
2.6-2.8 |
70-79 |
26-30 |
0.33 |
35-500 |
100-550 |
1-45 |
|
|
|
23 |
| |
1100-h14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
2024-T6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
5456-h116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
2014-T6 |
2.8 |
73 |
36-41 |
0.33 |
410 |
480 |
13 |
|
|
|
|
| |
6061-T6 |
2.8 |
70 |
26 |
0.33 |
270 |
310 |
17 |
|
|
|
|
| |
7075-T6 |
2.7 |
72 |
26 |
0.33 |
480 |
550 |
11 |
|
|
|
|
| Brass |
typical |
8.4-8.6 |
96-110 |
36-41 |
0.34 |
70-550 |
200-620 |
4-60 |
|
|
|
19.1-21.2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yellow Brass |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
cold rolled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
annealed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Red Brass |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
cold rolled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
annealed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Bronze |
typical |
8.2-8.8 |
96-120 |
36-44 |
0.34 |
82-690 |
200-830 |
5-60 |
|
|
|
18-21 |
| Cast Iron |
typical |
7.0-7.4 |
83-170 |
32-69 |
0.2-0.3 |
120 |
69-480 |
0-1 |
|
340-1400 |
|
9.9-12 |
| Concrete |
typical |
2.3 |
17-31 |
na |
0.1-0.2 |
|
|
|
|
10-70 |
|
7-14 |
| |
reinforced |
2.4 |
17-31 |
na |
0.1-0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
lightweight |
1.1-1.8 |
17-31 |
na |
0.1-0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Copper |
typical |
8.9 |
110-120 |
40-47 |
0.33-0.36 |
55-760 |
230-830 |
4-50 |
|
|
|
16.6-17.6 |
| |
annealed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
hard drawn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Glass |
typical |
2.4-2.8 |
48-83 |
19-35 |
0.17-0.27 |
|
30-1000 |
0 |
|
|
|
5-11 |
| |
Plate |
|
|
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fibers |
|
|
|
|
|
7000-20000 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Magnesium |
typ. alloys |
1.76-1.83 |
41-45 |
15-17 |
0.35 |
80-280 |
140-340 |
2-20 |
|
|
|
26.1-28.8 |
| Monel |
67%Ni,30%Cu |
8.8 |
170 |
66 |
0.32 |
170-1100 |
450-1200 |
2-50 |
|
|
|
14 |
| Nickel |
|
8.8 |
210 |
80 |
0.31 |
100-620 |
310-760 |
2-50 |
|
|
|
13 |
| Plastics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Nylon |
.88-1.1 |
2.1-3.4 |
na |
0.4 |
|
40-80 |
20-100 |
|
|
|
70-140 |
| |
Polyethylene |
.96-1.4 |
0.7-1.4 |
na |
0.4 |
|
7-28 |
15-300 |
|
|
|
140-290 |
| Rock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5-9 |
| |
Granite |
2.6-2.9 |
40-100 |
na |
0.2-0.3 |
|
|
|
|
50-280 |
|
|
| |
Marble |
2.6-2.9 |
40-100 |
na |
0.2-0.3 |
|
|
|
|
50-280 |
|
|
| |
Quartz |
2.6-2.9 |
40-100 |
na |
0.2-0.3 |
|
|
|
|
50-280 |
|
|
| |
Limestone |
2.0-2.9 |
20-70 |
na |
0.2-0.3 |
|
|
|
|
20-200 |
|
|
| |
Sandstone |
2.0-2.9 |
20-70 |
na |
0.2-0.3 |
|
|
|
|
20-200 |
|
|
| Rubber |
typical |
.96-1.3 |
0.0007-0.004 |
0.0002-0.001 |
0.45-0.50 |
1-7 |
7-20 |
100-800 |
|
|
|
130-200 |
| Sand,soil,gravel |
|
1.2-2.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Steel |
|
7.85 |
190-210 |
75-80 |
0.27-0.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10-18 |
| |
cold rolled |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
annealed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
high strength |
|
|
|
|
340-1000 |
550-1200 |
5-25 |
|
|
|
14 |
| |
machine |
|
|
|
|
340-700 |
550-860 |
5-25 |
|
|
|
|
| |
spring |
|
|
|
|
400-1600 |
700-1900 |
3-15 |
|
|
|
|
| |
stainless |
|
|
|
|
280-700 |
400-1000 |
5-40 |
|
|
|
|
| |
tool |
|
|
|
|
520 |
900 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
| |
structural |
|
|
|
|
200-700 |
340-830 |
10-40 |
|
|
|
12 |
| |
astm-a48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
astm-a47 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
astm-a36 |
|
|
|
|
250 |
400 |
30 |
|
|
|
12 |
| |
astm-a5242 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
astm-a441 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
astm-a572 |
|
|
|
|
340 |
500 |
20 |
|
|
|
12 |
| |
astm-a514 |
|
|
|
|
700 |
830 |
15 |
|
|
|
12 |
| |
wire |
|
|
|
|
280-1000 |
550-1400 |
5-40 |
|
|
|
|
| Stainless Steel |
aisi 302 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
| Titanium |
typ. alloys |
4.5 |
100-120 |
39-44 |
0.33 |
760-1000 |
900-1200 |
10 |
|
|
|
8.1-11 |
| Tungsten |
|
1.9 |
340-380 |
140-160 |
0.2 |
|
1400-4000 |
0-4 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
| Water |
fresh |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
sea |
1.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Wood (dry) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Douglas fir |
.48-.56 |
11-13 |
|
|
30-50 |
50-80 |
|
30-50 |
40-70 |
|
|
| |
Oak |
.64-.72 |
11-12 |
|
|
40-60 |
50-100 |
|
30-40 |
30-50 |
|
|
| |
Southern pine |
.56-.64 |
11-14 |
|
|
40-60 |
50-100 |
|
30-50 |
40-70 |
|
|
